Phylakopi, Milos: One of the leading settlements of the Prehistoric Aegean

The excavations that began in the late 19th century uncovered remains of continuous habitation spanning almost two millennia (3300-1100 BC), from the beginning of the Early to the end of the Late Bronze Age. 

The exploitation and trade of obsidian, a volcanic rock renowned for its hardness, contributed significantly to the prosperity and flourishing of the settlement of Phylakopi.

Among the architectural remains that were brought to light are cyclopean walls made of volcanic boulders, as well as a sanctuary and a megaron from the Mycenaean period – the only known example in the Cyclades – built in the early 14th century BC. Minoan and Mycenaean influences are attested by various finds, such as a Linear A tablet and a golden mask discovered in the area.

Finds from the 19th century excavations are exhibited in the National Archaeological Museum in Athens, while those unearthed during subsequent excavation campaigns are housed in the Archaeological Museum of Milos. Foremost among the latter is the impressive female figurine known as the Lady of Phylakopi.